Effects of the pathogenic water mold Saprolegnia ferax on survival of amphibian larvae.

Infectious diseases are a significant threat to worldwide biodiversity. Amphibian declines, a significant part of current biodiversity losses, are in many cases associated with infectious disease. Water molds are one group of pathogens affecting amphibians on a worldwide basis.

Effects of nitrate and the pathogenic water mold Saprolegnia on survival of amphibian larvae.

We tested for a synergism between nitrate and Saprolegnia, a pathogenic water mold, using larvae of 3 amphibian species: Ambystoma gracile (northwestern salamander), Hyla regilla (Pacific treefrog) and Rana aurora (red-legged frog). Each species was tested separately, using a 3 x 2 fully factorial experiment with 3 nitrate treatments (none, low and high) and 2 Saprolegnia treatments (Saprolegnia and control). Survival of H.

[Hypochromic anemia and small bowel diverticula].

The authors appreciate the possible responsibility of small intestine diverticulosis in three patients with iron deficiency anemia. In the first case, anemia was associated with colo-duodenal fistula. In the second and third cases, because of the negativity of gastric and large bowel investigations, a barium opacification was done, which showed diverticulosis.