Association of Tortuous Common Carotid Artery with Abnormal Distribution of the Ansa Cervicalis: A Case Report.

In the current study, we display a rare association of an aberrant innervation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle by the ansa cervicalis (AC) with a tortuous common carotid artery (TCCA). In specific, in a male cadaver we observed on the right side of the cervical region, a nerval branch of remarkable size originating from the most distal part of the AC's superior root and after piercing the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle innervated the distal portion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Furthermore, we noticed a tortuous course of the initial part of the right common carotid artery.

Computed tomography angiography study of the azygos vein course and termination into superior vena cava: gender and age impact.

Purpose: The study highlights azygos vein (AV) topography, arrangement and confluence morphometry in dyspnoea and tachycardia patients of extrapulmonary and extracardiac aetiology.

Method: Computed-tomography angiography of 25 male and 26 female patients (mean age 66.5 years) were studied for: thoracic vertebral (T) height of AV- superior vena cava-SVC confluence, AV course and deviations from vertebral column (VC) midline, AV and SVC diameters, distance (AV arch- lower border of carina) and gender and age impact.

Bilothorax Associated with Bile Peritonitis in a Dog with No Diaphragmatic Disruption: A Case Report.

A 4-year-old intact male mixed-breed dog was presented with vomiting and severe depression of 6-day duration after being struck by a car 2 weeks before presentation. Clinical examination revealed hypothermia, respiratory difficulty, jaundice, and a bicavitary (pleural and peritoneal) effusion. Hematological and biochemical abnormalities included neutrophilic leukocytosis, increased total bilirubin concentration, and increased serum lipase activity.

Neural Loop by the Median Nerve's Roots Associated with Multiple Neurovascular Anomalies: A Cadaver-based Case Report with Clinical Aspects.

The existence of a combination of neural and vascular variations in the axilla and arm region are relatively common. In the current case study, an association of a neural loop by the roots of the left median nerve along with an ipsilateral proximal division of the brachial artery in the upper arm and bilateral communications between the median and musculocutaneous nerves is documented. The morphological features of these abnormalities, along with the clinical implications induced during nerve blocks and surgical interventions in the region, are discussed as well.

Congenital Synostosis of Cervical Vertebrae: An Osteological Study and Review of the Literature.

Introduction The possible appearance of congenital fusion of the second cervical vertebra with adjacent cervical vertebrae, along with its epidemiology, embryological development, and clinical manifestations, was the aim of the current study. Methods The osteological material of 93 dried second cervical vertebrae of both sexes were examined in order to identify the likely presence of congenital fusion with the neighboring vertebrae. Results Among 93 axes, we identified one case of a congenitally fused second cervical vertebrae with the third and fourth cervical vertebrae, which accounted for a frequency of 1.