VAMP-associated protein (VAP) is a type IV integral transmembrane protein at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Mutations in human VAPB/ALS8 are associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The N-terminal major sperm protein (MSP) domain of VAPB (Drosophila Vap33) is cleaved, secreted, and acts as a signaling ligand for several cell-surface receptors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAiming at the application to photodynamic therapy, natural bacteriochlorophyll-a was converted to chemically stable free-base derivatives possessing different kinds of hydrophilic C17-propionate residues. These semi-synthetic bacteriochlorins were found to have self-assembling ability in an aqueous environment and formed stable J-type aggregates in a cell culture medium containing 0.2% DMSO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Heart failure (HF) causes extracardiac organ congestion, including in the hepatic portal system. Reducing venous congestion is essential for HF treatment, but evaluating venous congestion is sometimes difficult in patients with chronic HF. The portal vein (PV) flow pattern can be influenced by right atrial pressure.
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