Caudal epidural catheters threaded to the thoracic levels are increasingly utilized in infants undergoing thoracic and abdominal surgery, compared to lumbar or thoracic epidural techniques. Estimating catheter length traditionally relies on anatomical landmarks, but the lack of spine ossification in infants makes ultrasonography a valuable and noninvasive tool. We present 3 cases where real-time ultrasonography facilitated caudal to thoracic epidural catheter placement in infants undergoing thoraco-abdominal surgeries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe transportation infrastructure of the future will be based on autonomous vehicles. When it comes to transportation, both emerging and established nations are keen on perfecting systems based on autonomous vehicles. Transportation authorities in the United States report that driver error accounts for over 60% of all accidents each year.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotassium bromate (KBrO) is a common dietary additive, pharmaceutical ingredient, and significant by-product of water disinfection. p-coumaric acid (PCA) is a naturally occurring nutritional polyphenolic molecule with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The goal of the current investigation was to examine the protective effects of p-coumaric acid against the liver damage caused by KBrO.
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