Carbohydrate Deacetylase Unique to Gut Microbe Bacteroides Reveals Atypical Structure.

are often the most abundant, commensal species in the gut microbiome of industrialized human populations. One of the most commonly detected species is . It has been linked to benefits like the suppression of intestinal inflammation but is also correlated with some autoimmune disorders, for example irritable bowel disorder (IBD).

Within-Person Fluctuations in Objective Smartphone Use and Emotional Processes During Adolescence: An Intensive Longitudinal Study.

Unlabelled: Since the advent of smartphones, peer interactions over digital platforms have become a primary mode of socializing among adolescents. Despite the rapid rise in digital social activity, it remains unclear how this dramatic shift has impacted adolescent social and emotional experiences. In an intensive, longitudinal design ( = 26,  = 206 monthly observations for up to 12 months, 12-17 years), we used digital phenotyping methods to objectively measure within-person fluctuations in smartphone use (screen time, pickups, notifications) across different categories (social media, communication, entertainment, games) and examined their prospective, bidirectional associations with positive and negative mood.

Associations of socioeconomic status with cognitive function, language ability, and academic achievement in youth: a systematic review of mechanisms and protective factors.

Low socioeconomic status (SES) is negatively associated with children's cognitive and academic performance, leading to long-term educational and economic disparities. In particular, SES is a powerful predictor of executive function (EF), language ability, and academic achievement. Despite extensive research documenting SES-related differences in these domains, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying these associations and factors that may mitigate these relationships is limited.

Midpregnancy Placental Growth Factor Screening and Early Preterm Birth.

Importance: Early preterm birth (ie, at less than 34 weeks' gestation) confers a high risk for adverse health outcomes, yet no universal screening strategy exists, preventing targeted delivery of effective interventions.

Objective: To evaluate the ability of midpregnancy placental growth factor (PlGF) screening to identify pregnancies at highest risk for early preterm birth.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective cohort study was conducted at an urban, tertiary care center from 2020 to 2023.

Identifying cognitive, affective, and developmental mechanisms linking threat and deprivation with adolescent psychopathology.

Background: The mechanisms linking early-life adversity with psychopathology over the life-course are complex. In this prospective study, we collectively examined cognitive, affective, and developmental mediators previously found to individually link childhood threat and deprivation experiences to adolescent psychopathology to identify the most potent mechanisms.

Methods: Data came from a community sample of 227 children (mean child age 11.