Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes in two regions of Peru.

Objective: This study aims to discover the most prevalent high-risk (hr) HPV genotypes in the regions of Loreto and La Libertad, Peru.

Methods: In 2015, cervical cell samples were collected during pelvic examinations from women in the geographically distinct regions of Loreto and La Libertad, Peru. In 2017, additional samples were collected in La Libertad.

Mallory-Weiss Tear in the Duodenum.

Mallory-Weiss tears are mucosal lacerations caused by forceful retching and are typically located at the gastroesophageal junction. Mallory-Weiss tears have not been described in the duodenum. We report of a Mallory-Weiss tear in the descending duodenum of a 57-year-old man who presented with hematemesis preceded by forceful retching.

Comparison of sinonasal quality of life and health status in patients undergoing microscopic and endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary lesions: a prospective cohort study.

Object: Despite the widespread adoption of endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas, the sinonasal quality of life (QOL) and health status in patients who have undergone this technique have not been compared with these findings in patients who have undergone the traditional direct uninostril microsurgical technique. In this study, the authors compared the sinonasal QOL and patient-reported health status after use of these 2 surgical techniques.

Methods: The study design was a nonblinded prospective cohort study.

Predictors of sinonasal quality of life and nasal morbidity after fully endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery.

Object: Despite the increasing application of endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary lesions, the prognostic factors that are associated with sinonasal quality of life (QOL) and nasal morbidity are not well understood. The authors examine the predictors of sinonasal QOL and nasal morbidity in patients undergoing fully endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery.

Methods: An exploratory post hoc analysis was conducted of patients who underwent endoscopic pituitary surgery and were enrolled in a prospective multicenter QOL study.

Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Probiotics are microorganisms that are ingested either in combination or as a single organism in an effort to normalize intestinal microbiota and potentially improve intestinal barrier function. Recent evidence has suggested that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may result from an inappropriate immunologic response to intestinal bacteria and a disruption in the balance of the gastrointestinal microbiota in genetically susceptible individuals. Prebiotics, synbiotics, and probiotics have all been studied with growing interest as adjuncts to standard therapies for IBD.