Three-dimensional anatomy and dorsoventral asymmetry of the mature Marchantia polymorpha meristem develops from a symmetrical gemma meristem.

Meristems are three-dimensional (3D) generative structures that contain stem cells and produce new organs and tissues. Meristems develop in all land plants; however we know little about the spatial and temporal regulation of meristem structure in lineages such as bryophytes. Here, we describe the 3D meristem anatomy during the development of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha.

Meristem dormancy in Marchantia polymorpha is regulated by a liverwort-specific miRNA and a clade III SPL gene.

The shape of modular organisms depends on the branching architecture, which in plants is determined by the fates of generative centers called meristems. The branches of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha are derived from two adjacent meristems that develop at thallus apices. These meristems may be active and develop branches or may be dormant and do not form branches.

Reduced coenzyme Q synthesis confers non-target site resistance to the herbicide thaxtomin A.

Herbicide resistance in weeds is a growing threat to global crop production. Non-target site resistance is problematic because a single resistance allele can confer tolerance to many herbicides (cross resistance), and it is often a polygenic trait so it can be difficult to identify the molecular mechanisms involved. Most characterized molecular mechanisms of non-target site resistance are caused by gain-of-function mutations in genes from a few key gene families-the mechanisms of resistance caused by loss-of-function mutations remain unclear.

Chromosome-level Thlaspi arvense genome provides new tools for translational research and for a newly domesticated cash cover crop of the cooler climates.

Thlaspi arvense (field pennycress) is being domesticated as a winter annual oilseed crop capable of improving ecosystems and intensifying agricultural productivity without increasing land use. It is a selfing diploid with a short life cycle and is amenable to genetic manipulations, making it an accessible field-based model species for genetics and epigenetics. The availability of a high-quality reference genome is vital for understanding pennycress physiology and for clarifying its evolutionary history within the Brassicaceae.