Social vulnerability index associated with higher COVID-19 seroprevalence in Nigeria.

Social vulnerability has been shown to be a strong predictor of disparities in health outcomes. A common approach to estimating social vulnerability is using a composite index, such as the social vulnerability index (SVI), which combines multiple factors corresponding to key social determinants of health. Lawal and Osayomi created an SVI to explore key social determinants of health-related COVID-19 infection among the Nigerian population.

Association between higher glucose levels and reduced survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Obesity and hypercholesterolemia have been associated with better responses to ICIs in NSCLC, while type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been associated with a worse response. However, the association between glucose levels and outcomes remains unknown. This study investigated the impact of mean baseline glucose levels, T2D, dyslipidemia, and obesity on overall survival (OS) in NSCLC patients undergoing ICI therapy.

Adverse clinical outcomes associated with sickle cell trait at high altitude.

Not available.

Diverse baleen whale acoustic occurrence around two sub-Antarctic islands: A tale of residents and visitors.

Knowledge on the occurrence and behaviour of baleen whales around sub-Antarctic regions is limited, and usually based on short, seasonal sighting research from shore or research vessels and whaling records, neither of which provide accurate and comprehensive year-round perspectives of these animals' ecology. We investigated the seasonal acoustic occurrence and diel vocalizing pattern of baleen whales around the sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands (PEIs) using passive acoustic monitoring data from mid-2021 to mid-2023, detecting six distinct baleen whale songs from Antarctic blue whales, Madagascan pygmy blue whales, fin whales, Antarctic minke whales, humpback whales, and sei whales. Antarctic blue and fin whales were detected year-round whereas the other species' songs were detected seasonally, including a new Antarctic minke whale bio-duck song sub-type described here for the first time.

Interferon-free hepatitis C treatment increases a surrogate of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in Black veterans living with HIV.

Veterans living with HIV (VLWH) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection have an exacerbated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is unknown if HCV cure reduces CVD risk in this population. We evaluated changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL), as a surrogate of CVD risk, 18 months after HCV cure in VLWH.