Effect of Two Forms of Tenofovir on Duodenal Enterocytes - a Hypothesis for Different Effect of TDF and TAF on Body Weight and Plasma Lipids.

Background: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) compared to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) leads to lower body weight and plasma lipids by an unknown mechanism. We hypothesize that TDF, when absorbed, may damage enterocytes of the proximal duodenum, leading to reduced absorption of nutrients.

Methods: People living with HIV, without significant gastrointestinal symptoms, receiving TDF (n=12) or TAF (n=12) containing regimen underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopies with duodenal biopsies.

Human-Centered Design and Benefit Realization Management in Digital Health Care Solution Development: Protocol for a Systematic Review.

Background: Earlier research shows that a significant number of resources are wasted on software projects delivering less than the planned benefits. It has, however, been evidenced that adopting a human-centered design approach when designing health devices can be beneficial. This understanding from earlier research has raised our interest in investigating how human-centered design might contribute to realizing the potential benefits of health care software projects.

Switching from tenofovir alafenamide to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate improves lipid profile and protects from weight gain.

Background: Switching from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) to tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) increases low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and body weight. Metabolic effects of the opposite TAF-to-TDF switch are unknown.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of TAF-to-TDF switch on plasma lipids, body weight, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score.

Ultrasonographic Assessment of the Normal Femoral Articular Cartilage of the Knee Joint: Comparison with 3D MRI.

Objective: Ultrasonography (US) has a promising role in evaluating the knee joint, but capability to visualize the femoral articular cartilage needs systematic evaluation. We measured the extent of this acoustic window by comparing standardized US images with the corresponding MRI views of the femoral cartilage.

Design: Ten healthy volunteers without knee pathology underwent systematic US and MRI evaluation of both knees.

Comparison of ultrasonographic, radiographic and intra-operative findings in severe hip osteoarthritis.

Aim of this study was to assess the US findings of patients with late-stage hip OA undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA), and to associate the US findings with conventional radiography (CR) and intraoperative findings. Moreover, the inter-rater reliability of hip US, and association between the US and Oxford Hip Score (OHS) were evaluated. Sixty-eight hips were included, and intraoperative findings were available on 48 hips.