BK Polyomavirus in Pediatric Renal Transplantation-What We Know and What We Do Not.

BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is still a real threat in the management of kidney transplantation. Immunosuppressive treatment disrupts the equilibrium between virus replication and immune response, and uncontrolled BKPyV replication leads to nephropathy (BKPyV nephropathy). The first evidence of BKPyV reactivation in transplant recipients is the detection of viral shedding in urine, which appears in 20% to 60% of patients, followed by BKPyV viremia in 10-20% of kidney transplant recipients.

Predicting efficacy assessment of combined treatment of radiotherapy and nivolumab for NSCLC patients through virtual clinical trials using QSP modeling.

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) remains one of the main causes of cancer death worldwide. In the urge of finding an effective approach to treat cancer, enormous therapeutic targets and treatment combinations are explored in clinical studies, which are not only costly, suffer from a shortage of participants, but also unable to explore all prospective therapeutic solutions. Within the evolving therapeutic landscape, the combined use of radiotherapy (RT) and checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) emerged as a promising avenue.

Relapse rate in children with nephrotic syndrome during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Background: Viral upper respiratory tract infections trigger nephrotic syndrome relapses. Few data exist on the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the risk of relapse in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS).

Methods: In a Belgian and Italian cohort of children with INS, we performed a retrospective analysis on the number and duration of relapses observed in 3 different periods in 2020: first COVID period, February 15-May 31; second COVID period, June 1-September 14; third COVID period, September 15-December 31.

Primary ovarian insufficiency in RMND1 mitochondrial disease.

RMND1 (Required for Meiotic Nuclear Division 1 homolog) is a nuclear encoded mitochondrial protein. Biallelic variants inRMND1are described in patients with white matter encephalopathy, hearing loss and renal dysfunction. In addition to this phenotype, two independent families (3 patients) have been reported with ovarian failure.

Hyperoxaluria: An early diagnosis will allow a timely combined renal and liver transplantations to avoid irreversible damages to all other organs.

A 4-month-old patient was admitted to the emergency room for vomiting, weight gain, food refusal and hypertension. Blood gases showed a metabolic acidosis with increased anion gap. Laboratory finding revealed severe renal failure (creatinine 8 mg/dL).