Impacts of Diabetes and an SGLT2 Inhibitor on the Glomerular Number and Volume in db/db Mice, as Estimated by Synchrotron Radiation Micro-CT at SPring-8.

Background: Recent large-scale clinical studies demonstrate that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors protect the diabetic kidney. However, clinical and animal studies have not shown the changes of the total glomeruli in the whole kidney treated with SGLT2 inhibitors.

Methods: We performed computed tomography (CT) imaging on mice using synchrotron radiation to investigate the impact of luseogliflozin, a SGLT2 inhibitor, on the number and volume of glomeruli in the whole kidney.

Assessment of inhalation flow patterns of soft mist inhaler co-prescribed with dry powder inhaler using inspiratory flow meter for multi inhalation devices.

The patients' inhalation flow pattern is one of the significant determinants for clinical performance of inhalation therapy. However, the development of inhalation flow meters for various inhalation devices has been unable to keep up with the increasing number of newly launched inhalation devices. In the present study, we developed simple attachment orifices for the inhalation flow pattern monitoring system, which are suitable for all commercial inhalers, and investigated the efficacy of the system on the clinical inhalation instruction for patients co-prescribed dry powder inhaler (DPI) and soft mist inhaler (SMI).

Passenger lymphocyte syndrome with hemophagocytic syndrome after peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation from an HLA-matched full biological sibling: case report.

Massive hemolysis due to passenger lymphocyte syndrome (PLS) is rare after peripheral blood stem-cell (PBSC) transplantation with a minor ABO mismatch. We present, in a 16-year-old boy (group A Rh+), PLS with hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) after PBSC transplantation from his HLA (human leukocyte antigens)-matched biological sister (group O Rh+). Mild-to-moderate hemolysis was evident from day +11 to day +15 after transplantation.

Influence of peak inspiratory flow rates and pressure drops on inhalation performance of dry powder inhalers.

The aim of this study was to reveal the relationship between human inspiratory flow patterns and the concomitant drops in pressure in different inhalation devices, and the influence of the devices on inhalation performance. As a model formulation for inhalers, a physically mixed dry powder composed of salbutamol sulfate and coarse lactose monohydrate was selected. The drops in pressure at 28.

Imaging analysis of osteogenic transformation of Meckel's chondrocytes from green fluorescent protein-transgenic mice during intrasplenic transplantation.

Our previous studies demonstrated that Meckel's chondrocytes, which are derived from ectomesenchyme, have the potential to transform into osteogenic phenotypes. The present study aimed to clarify the role of cell origin in the phenotypic transformation of chondrocytes. Cell pellets from ectomesenchyme-derived Meckel's cartilage and mesoderm-derived costal cartilage from green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transgenic mice were transplanted into the spleen for up to 4 weeks.