Heat Transfer Enhancement in the Microscale: Optimization of Fluid Flow.

The focus of this paper is to investigate the effects of the addition of a connector between two serial microchannels. The idea of adding connector at the inlet of microchannels to enhance the random motion of molecules or nanoparticles in low Reynolds numbers was developed in our research group for the first time. It was experimentally determined that the shape of a connector between two microchannels has a significant impact on the enhancement of the random motion of molecules or nanoparticles.

Hybrid Nanofluid Thermal Conductivity and Optimization: Original Approach and Background.

The focus of this paper was to develop a comprehensive nanofluid thermal conductivity model that can be applied to nanofluids with any number of distinct nanoparticles for a given base fluid, concentration, temperature, particle material, and particle diameter. For the first time, this model permits a direct analytical comparison between nanofluids with a different number of distinct nanoparticles. It was observed that the model's average error was ~5.

The Female Athlete Triad - What it is and Why it is Important in Primary Care.

The female athlete triad (FAT) is a disorder involving greater energy expenditure than energy consumption leading to 1) low energy availability (EA) with or without disordered eating 2) menstrual irregularities or amenorrhea and 3) low bone mineral density. Consequences of FAT include osteoporosis, stress fractures, increased cardiovascular risk, infertility, and negative psychological effects. The key risk factor for FAT is inadequate caloric intake when compared to the amount and intensity of exercise.