Artificial Intelligence Quantification of Enhanced Synovium Throughout the Entire Hand in Rheumatoid Arthritis on Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI.

Background: Challenges persist in achieving automatic and efficient inflammation quantification using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Purpose: To investigate an automatic artificial intelligence (AI) approach and an optimized dynamic MRI protocol for quantifying disease activity in RA in whole hands while excluding arterial pixels.

Study Type: Retrospective.

The Nutrient-Responsive Molecular Chaperone Hsp90 Supports Growth and Development in .

Animals can sense internal nutrients, such as amino acids/proteins, and are able to modify their developmental programs in accordance with their nutrient status. In the fruit fly, , amino acid/protein is sensed by the fat body, an insect adipose tissue, through a nutrient sensor, target of rapamycin (TOR) complex 1 (TORC1). TORC1 promotes the secretion of various peptide hormones from the fat body in an amino acid/protein-dependent manner.

3D Reconstruction of Whole Stomach from Endoscope Video Using Structure-from-Motion.

Gastric endoscopy is a common clinical practice that enables medical doctors to diagnose the stomach inside a body. In order to identify a gastric lesion's location such as early gastric cancer within the stomach, this work addressed to reconstruct the 3D shape of a whole stomach with color texture information generated from a standard monocular endoscope video. Previous works have tried to reconstruct the 3D structures of various organs from endoscope images.

The biochemical study on the etiology of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease has been characterized by senile plaque and neurofibrillary tangle in the brain. However, their relation to etiology of this disease has been left unclear. Recently it has been clarified that neurofibrillary tangle consists of highly phosphorylated tau protein.

Isolation and characterization of patient-derived, toxic, high mass amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) assembly from Alzheimer disease brains.

Amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) assemblies are thought to play primary roles in Alzheimer disease (AD). They are considered to acquire surface tertiary structures, not present in physiologic monomers, that are responsible for exerting toxicity, probably through abnormal interactions with their target(s). Therefore, Abeta assemblies having distinct surface tertiary structures should cause neurotoxicity through distinct mechanisms.