Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Between Two Types of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors in Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus in Kidney Transplantation Recipients: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Korea.

Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) are antidiabetic drugs known for their minimal side effects and limited drug interaction witih immunosuppressants, making them suitable for patients with diabetes and kidney transplant recipients. However, there is limited real-world information regarding the use of DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with post transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM).

Method: We performed a retrospective observational cohort study of 13,828 kidney transplant recipients form Janary 1, 2002, through December 21, 2018, using the Korean National Health Information Database.

Confocal Reflectance Microscopy Findings in Juvenile Xanthogranuloma: Report of 2 Cases.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is the most common type of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis and is characterized by a benign proliferation of dermal dendrocytes. We report two children diagnosed with JXG with reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), a noninvasive imaging technology that allows for multi-layer visualization of the skin. This report demonstrates the emerging role of RCM as a painless diagnostic aid for JXG and other cutaneous diseases in children.

A Non-Centrifugation Method to Concentrate and Purify Extracellular Vesicles Using Superabsorbent Polymer Followed by Size Exclusion Chromatography.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be isolated and purified from cell cultures and biofluids using different methodologies. Here, we explored a novel EV isolation approach by combining superabsorbent polymers (SAP) in a dialysis membrane with size exclusion chromatography (SEC) to achieve high concentration and purity of EVs without the use of ultracentrifugation (UC). Suspension HEK293 cells transfected with CD63 coupled with Thermo Luciferase were used to quantify the EV yield and purity.

A Korean Patient With Leber Congenital Amaurosis and a Homozygous RPE65 Variant Originating From a Paternal Uniparental Isodisomy.

Background: Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA), the most severe form of inherited retinal dystrophy, is a rare, heterogeneous, genetic eye disease associated with severe congenital visual impairment. RPE65, one of the causative genes for LCA, encodes retinoid isomerohydrolase, an enzyme that plays a critical role in regenerating visual pigment in photoreceptor cells.

Methods: Exome sequencing (ES) was performed on a patient with suspected LCA.

Risk Factors for Progressive Disease After Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: This study analyzed the clinical features of patients with recurrent or metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), who developed progressive disease (PD) after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 256 patients with R/M HNSCC treated with ICIs at 11 medical centers. Associations between the treatment outcomes-best response, overall survival, and progression-free survival-and various clinical factors were analyzed.