Decreases in hemoglobin and hematocrit may signal degree of hemorrhagic shock: retrospective evaluation in a dog model.

Objective: Data were extracted from preexisting published studies and evaluated retrospectively to compare lactate and base deficit values at baseline and posthemorrhage with changes in corresponding hemoglobin (Hb) and Hct measurements to assess any association of such changes with severity of hemorrhage over time. To understand the goal, the objective of this study was to demonstrate statistical changes in laboratory values as described above.

Methods: Previous prospectively designed experiments on 120 mixed-breed dogs were conducted.

Effects of general anesthesia on airway immune cell function in an equine in vivo model.

Objective: Complications from general anesthesia, including pneumonia and decreased wound healing, are influenced by changes in immune cell function secondary to sedatives and anesthetics. It was hypothesized that immune cell function would be depressed in the early postanesthetic period. The objective was to investigate airway immune cell function before and after a general anesthetic episode in an equine in vivo model using ex vivo cell stimulations with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for assessment of immune function.

Bioreactance noninvasive cardiac output monitoring in euvolemic adult horses subjected with 7.2% saline and 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) solution infusions.

Objective: To compare the ability of bioreactance noninvasive cardiac output (BR-NICO) with thermodilution cardiac output (TDCO) for the measurement of cardiac output (CO) in healthy adult horses receiving 2 different IV volume replacement solutions.

Design: Prospective randomized crossover study from September to November 2021.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Flow-controlled expiration ventilation using a piston ventilator: effects of expiration time and speed on respiratory and pulmonary mechanics with focus on hysteresis and compliance in healthy horses.

Objective: To investigate the effects of FLow-controlled EXpiration (FLEX) ventilation expiration time and speed on respiratory and pulmonary mechanics in anesthetized horses in dorsal recumbency.

Animals: 6 healthy adult research horses.

Methods: In this randomized crossover experimental study, horses were anesthetized 3 times and were ventilated each time for 60 minutes using conventional volume-controlled ventilation (VCV), linear emptying of the lung over 50% of the expiratory time (FLEX50), or linear emptying of the lung over 100% of the expiratory time (FLEX100) in a randomized order.