Occurrence of short- and ultra-short chain PFAS in drinking water from Flanders (Belgium) and implications for human exposure.

SHORT: and ultra-short chain perfluoroalkyl substances (S- and US-PFAS) are alternatives for the long-chain PFAS which have been more regulated over time. They are highly mobile in the environment and can easily reach drinking water sources which can become an important human exposure route. Furthermore, there have been growing concerns about the presence of PFAS in Flanders.

Improved patient selection by stratified surgical intervention: Aarhus Spinal Metastases Algorithm.

Background Context: Choosing the best surgical treatment for patients with spinal metastases remains a significant challenge for spine surgeons. There is currently no gold standard for surgical treatments. The Aarhus Spinal Metastases Algorithm (ASMA) was established to help surgeons choose the most appropriate surgical intervention for patients with spinal metastases.

Effects of estrogen on osteoprogenitor cells and cytokines/bone-regulatory factors in postmenopausal women.

Decreases in estrogen levels contribute not only to early postmenopausal bone loss but also to bone loss with aging. While estrogen is critical for the maintenance of bone formation, the mechanism(s) of this effect remain unclear. Thus, we assessed the effects of 4months of transdermal estradiol treatment (0.

Integrative physiology of the aging bone: insights from animal and cellular models.

Age-related bone loss is a common worldwide phenomenon in the aging population, placing them at an increased risk of fractures. Fortunately, basic and translational studies have been pivotal in providing us with a mechanistic understanding of the cellular and molecular pathophysiology of this condition. This review focuses on the current concepts and paradigms of age-related bone loss and how various animal and cellular models have broadened our understanding in this fascinating but complex area.

Relation of age, gender, and bone mass to circulating sclerostin levels in women and men.

Sclerostin is a potent inhibitor of Wnt signaling and bone formation. However, there is currently no information on the relation of circulating sclerostin levels to age, gender, or bone mass in humans. Thus we measured serum sclerostin levels in a population-based sample of 362 women [123 premenopausal, 152 postmenopausal not on estrogen treatment (ET), and 87 postmenopausal on ET] and 318 men, aged 21 to 97 years.