Comparison of Oxygen Uptake Kinetics During Severe-intensity Laboratory and Field Cycling.

The O-kinetic response to constant work rate exercise provides an insight into the adjustment of systemic oxygen transport and muscle metabolism. Whether O-kinetics measured in laboratory conditions reflect O-kinetics in field conditions has not yet been analysed. The aim of this study was to compare O-kinetics between field and laboratory conditions.

Gross efficiency during flat and uphill cycling in field conditions.

Purpose: While a number of studies have investigated gross efficiency (GE) in laboratory conditions, few studies have analyzed it in field conditions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of gradient and cadence on GE in field conditions.

Methods: Thirteen trained cyclists (mean ± SD age 23.

[Stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy of acoustic neuromas].

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a neurosurgical field that has become increasingly important in the treatment of acoustic neuromas. Radiosurgical treatment modalities include the Gamma knife, the linear accelerator (LINAC), and the CyberKnife. Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is still unsurpassed in terms of the spatial accuracy of radiation delivery and has been used for decades in acoustic neuromas (>18000 patients).

Staged gamma knife radiosurgery for large critically located benign meningiomas: evaluation of a series comprising 20 patients.

Objectives: This study investigated the efficacy of staged radiosurgical treatment for intracranial meningiomas exceeding 3 cm in diameter.

Methods: Between April 1992 and May 2008, staged gamma knife radiosurgery was performed in 20 patients with large benign meningiomas. 14 patients had undergone surgery at least once.

Combined endoscopic surgery and radiosurgery as treatment modality for olfactory neuroblastoma (esthesioneuroblastoma).

Object: Treatment of esthesioneuroblastoma (olfactory neuroblastoma) has been considerably improved by microsurgical techniques. Nevertheless, these rare tumours of the frontal skull base are still associated with high rates of tumour recurrence and mortality, thus remaining a challenge even for experienced surgeons. A novel therapeutic approach that combines endoscopic sinus surgery and Gamma Knife radiosurgery is presented here.