Dietary variety and the relationship between polypharmacy and incident disability among Japanese community-dwelling older adults: A longitudinal study.

Objectives: This study examined the association between polypharmacy and incident disability across the dietary variety score (DVS) strata among community-dwelling older adults.

Study Design: A prospective cohort study with community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 in Aichi, Japan.

Main Outcome Measures: Polypharmacy was defined as ≥5 concomitant prescription drugs per day.

Community-based going-out program and dementia onset in Japanese older adults: A longitudinal observational study.

Objectives: With dementia prevalence rising globally among older adults, effective and scalable community-based interventions are urgently needed to reduce dementia onset. This study aimed to estimate the association of the going-out program with dementia onset in older adults.

Methods: A 5-year longitudinal observational study was employed.

Determinants of Maximal Dorsiflexion Range of Motion: Multi-Perspective Comparison Using Mechanical, Neural, Morphological, and Muscle Quality Factors.

: the purpose of this study was to determine the contributions of mechanical, neural, morphological, and muscle quality factors on individual differences in the maximal ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM). : A sample of 41 university students performed passive-dorsiflexion and morphological measurements. In the passive-dorsiflexion measurement, while the ankle was passively dorsiflexed, maximal dorsiflexion ROM was measured in addition to passive torque at a given angle and muscle-tendon junction (MTJ) displacement during the last 13° as mechanical factors, and stretch tolerance and muscle activation were measured as neural factors.