Lack of renoprotective effects by long-term PCSK9 and SGLT2 inhibition using alirocumab and empagliflozin in obese ZSF1 rats.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite the entry of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, CKD persists as a medical challenge. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibition reduces low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, a major risk factor of CVD.

Euphorbium compositum SN improves the innate defenses of the airway mucosal barrier network during rhinovirus infection.

Background: Rhinoviruses (RV) are the major cause of common colds in healthy individuals and are associated with acute exacerbations in patients with chronic lung diseases. Yet, no vaccines or effective treatment against RV are available. This study investigated the effect of Euphorbium compositum SN (ECSN6), a multicomponent, multitarget medication made from natural ingredients, on the mucosal barrier network during RV infection.

A Contribution to a Better Understanding of the Group (Charales, Charophyceae): A Taxonomic Re-Examination of the Collected in the Province of Ferrara, Italy.

The identification of a charophyte population found in a rice field in Ferrara, North Italy, collected in 1999 and initially identified as , has been reevaluated. Detailed morphological observations here reported have suggested that the specimen displays characteristics more akin to , particularly in the structure of its bicellular dactyls and axillary heads. Additional examinations, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of oospores and analyses of herbarium specimens-encompassing original materials of , f.

Correction: Blindow et al. Re-Establishment Techniques and Transplantations of Charophytes to Support Threatened Species. 2021, , 1830.

In the original publication [...

Amiloride Reduces Urokinase/Plasminogen-Driven Intratubular Complement Activation in Glomerular Proteinuria.

Significance Statement: Proteinuria predicts accelerated decline in kidney function in CKD. The pathologic mechanisms are not well known, but aberrantly filtered proteins with enzymatic activity might be involved. The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)-plasminogen cascade activates complement and generates C3a and C5a in vitro / ex vivo in urine from healthy persons when exogenous, inactive, plasminogen, and complement factors are added.