Trends of early-onset colorectal cancer in Singapore: an epidemiological study of a multi-ethnic population.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality in those aged 50 years and above have decreased over the last 2 decades. However, there is a rising incidence in CRC among individuals under 50 years of age, termed early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC). EOCRC patients are more advanced stage at diagnosis and may suffer more psychosocial, emotional and financial distress.

Genomic and transcriptomic profiling of radioresistant prostate and head and neck cancers implicate a BAHD1-dependent modification of DNA damage at the heterochromatin.

Radiotherapy is an integral modality in treating human cancers, but radioresistance remains a clinical challenge due to the involvement of multiple intrinsic cellular and extrinsic tumour microenvironment factors that govern radiosensitivity. To study the intrinsic factors that are associated with cancer radioresistance, we established 4 radioresistant prostate (22Rv1 and DU145) and head and neck cancer (FaDu and HK1) models by irradiating their wild-type parentals to 90 Gy, mimicking the fractionated radiotherapy schema that is often using in the clinic, and performed whole exome and transcriptome sequencing of the radioresistant and wild-type models. Comparative genomic analyses detected the enrichment of mismatch repair mutational signatures (SBS6, 14, 15, 20) across all the cell lines and several non-synonymous single nucleotide variants involved in pro-survival pathways.

Test-Retest Reliability of Two Computationally-Characterised Affective Bias Tasks.

Affective biases are commonly seen in disorders such as depression and anxiety, where individuals may show attention towards and preferential processing of negative or threatening stimuli. Affective biases have been shown to change with effective intervention: randomized controlled trials into these biases and the mechanisms that underpin them may allow greater understanding of how interventions can be improved and their success be maximized. For such trials to be informative, we must have reliable ways of measuring affective bias over time, so we can detect how and whether they are altered by interventions: the test-retest reliability of our measures puts an upper bound on our ability to detect any changes.

Procedure-Related Mortality in Aspiration Thrombectomy for Pulmonary Embolism: A MAUDE Database Analysis of the Inari FlowTriever and Penumbra Indigo Systems.

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is an important cause of death and disability. Advances in catheter-directed therapies have led to the use of devices, such as the Inari FlowTriever and Penumbra Indigo system for aspiration thrombectomy (AT) for both massive and sub-massive PE. However, limited data exist on causes of procedural mortality.

Identification and Characterization of the Y-Organ of Orange Mud Crab Scylla Olivacea.

The Y-organs (YOs) synthesize and secrete molting hormones, and thus regulate crustacean growth and reproduction. However, the YOs of the orange mud crab Scylla olivacea is yet to be described due to its minute size and ambiguous feature. This study describes the location, morphological characteristics, histology, and the changes of YOs at different molt stages, and examines in vitro ecdysteroid secreted by the YOs of S.