Mullerian adenosarcoma of the cervix: Report of two large tumors with sarcomatous overgrowth or heterologous elements.

•Two cases of large cervical mullerian adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth or heterologous elements and contrasting survival outcomes are reported.•When the diagnosis of mullerian adenosarcoma is uncertain or suspected, review of pathology by a national expert may be considered.•Rhabdomyoblastic differentiation of mullerian adenosarcoma may be a more aggressive histologic type.

Force-driven separation of short double-stranded DNA.

Short double-stranded DNA is used in a variety of nanotechnological applications, and for many of them, it is important to know for which forces and which force loading rates the DNA duplex remains stable. In this work, we develop a theoretical model that describes the force-dependent dissociation rate for DNA duplexes tens of basepairs long under tension along their axes ("shear geometry"). Explicitly, we set up a three-state equilibrium model and apply the canonical transition state theory to calculate the kinetic rates for strand unpairing and the rupture-force distribution as a function of the separation velocity of the end-to-end distance.

Risk factors associated with clinic visits during the 1999 forest fires near the Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation, California, USA.

Forest fires burned near the Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation in northern California from late August until early November in 1999. The fires generated particulate matter reaching hazardous levels. We assessed the relationship between patients seeking care for six health conditions and PM(10) exposure levels during the 1999 fires and during the corresponding period in 1998 when there were no fires.

Quantitative detection of small molecule/DNA complexes employing a force-based and label-free DNA-microarray.

Force-based ligand detection is a promising method to characterize molecular complexes label-free at physiological conditions. Because conventional implementations of this technique, e.g.

DNA as a force sensor in an aptamer-based biochip for adenosine.

Without prior signal amplification, small molecules are difficult to detect by current label-free biochip approaches. In the present study, we developed a label-free capture biochip based on the comparative measurement of unbinding forces allowing for direct detection of small-molecule-aptamer interactions. The principle of this assay relies on increased unbinding forces of bipartite aptamers due to complex formation with their cognate ligands.