Three-dimensional morphology of first molars in relation to ethnicity and the occurrence of cleft lip and palate.

Objectives: This study aims to describe morphological peculiarities of maxillary and mandibular first molars in Europeans, Asians and Europeans with cleft lip and palate.

Material And Methods: Reflex microscopy was used to obtain three-dimensional morphometric landmarks from 40 models (11 Europeans and 13 Asians without cleft lip and palate, 16 Europeans with unilateral cleft lip and palate). The cases were examined using traditional morphometry and geometric morphometry, and visualized using thin-plate splines.

Agenesis of second premolars and delayed dental maturation.

Aim: The purpose of this work was to examine the relationship between second-premolar agenesis and how rapidly permanent dentition develops.

Methods: Panoramic radiographs of 678 girls and boys aged 6-14 years were evaluated. Subjects with syndromes or history of tooth extraction were excluded.

Three-dimensional analysis of maxillary development in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate during the first six years of life.

Objectives: The purpose of this work was to analyse early upper-jaw development in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) treated using two different concepts and to compare shape and size developments between these two groups and a group of noncleft patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 204 maxillary casts available for this study from 50 UCLP patients were analyzed for upper-jaw development based on three-dimensional measurements performed with a Reflex Microscope from birth up to 71 months of age. Thirty-five of these 50 patients were part of an early treatment group (two-stage cleft closure with single-stage palatoplasty at an age of 10-14 months) and 15 were part of a late treatment group (two-stage cleft closure with palatoplasty at an age of 4-7 years).

Morphology of open bite.

Objectives: The purpose of this work was to define and illustrate the skeletal morphology of open-bite patients against the background of sagittal jaw relationships on the basis of lateral cephalograms.

Materials And Methods: Lateral cephalograms of 197 untreated adults were analyzed in dental imaging software (Onyx Ceph 3™; Image Instruments, Chemnitz, Germany). Four groups were formed based on vertical (Index scores) and sagittal (individualized ANB values) parameters.