Treatment Failure After Repair of Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures in Patients Compared by "Decade of Life": An Analysis of 565 Cases in Adults Less Than 60 years of Age.

Objectives: To study the results of displaced femoral neck fractures (FNFs) in adults less than 60 years of age by comparing patients, injury, treatment, and the characteristics of treatment failure specifically according to patients' age at injury, that is, by their "decade of life" [ie, "under 30" (29 years and younger), "the 30s" (30-39 years), "the 40s" (40-49 years), and "the 50s" (50-59 years)].

Design: Multicenter retrospective comparative cohort series.

Setting: Twenty-six North American Level 1 Trauma Centers.

Optimal Fixation Strategies for Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures in Patients 18-59 Years of Age: An Analysis of 565 Cases Treated at 26 Level 1 Trauma Centers.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the difference in failure rates of surgical repair for displaced femoral neck fractures in patients younger than 60 years of age according to fixation strategy.

Design: This is a retrospective, comparative cohort study.

Setting: Twenty-six Level 1 North American trauma centers.

History of French Pharmaceutical Education from 16th Century up to the Present􁴷Study on Japanese Pharmaceutical Education : Comparison between Japan and France - Pharmaceutical Education System.

After the long isolation in the Edo era, the new Meiji government tried to import science and culture from western countries. In the field of medical science, Kanpo, Chinese medicine, was abolished and western medicine was introduced in Japan. A medical system was established in 1874, but the division of prescribing medicines and dispensing them had not been introduced yet, and this situation prevented the increase in newborn pharmacists and solid pharmaceutical education for a long time.