Pancreaticobiliary Reflux with Normal and Relatively Long Common Channels Causing Cholelithiasis and Acute Pancreatitis in Children.

Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBMJ) has a long common channel (CC) that causes pancreaticobiliary reflux (PBR), which has been implicated in gallstones, cholangiocarcinoma, and pancreatitis. By contrast, PBR has occurred in cases with normal and longer CCs than normal but shorter than PBMJ. This pathophysiology has been primarily reported in adults and rarely in children.

Case Series of Endoscopic Papillary Balloon Dilation for Children with Common Bile Duct Stones and a Review of the Literature.

: Endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) has been employed for the endoscopic treatment of common bile duct stones (CBDSs) and has been reported to have a high success rate for stone removal. However, EST is associated with a risk of bleeding, perforation, and sphincter of Oddi function disruption. To avoid these risks, endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD) is an option for CBDS.

Carbon-coated NiMgFeMnO nanoparticles as a novel anode material for high energy density lithium-ion batteries.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have gained considerable attention from the scientific community due to their outstanding properties, such as high energy density, low self-discharge, and environmental sustainability. Among the prominent candidates for anode materials in next-generation LIBs are the spinel ferrites, represented by the MFeO series, which offer exceptional theoretical capacities, excellent reversibility, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness. In the scope of this study, NiMgFeMnO nanoparticles were synthesized using a sol-gel synthesis method and subsequently coated with a carbon layer to further enhance their electrochemical performance.

Mini-probe endoscopic ultrasound for the diagnosis of congenital esophageal or duodenal stenosis.

Purpose: The usefulness of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in pediatric populations has been recently appreciated; however, published studies on mini-probe EUS in the diagnosis of congenital esophageal stenosis (CES) or congenital duodenal stenosis (CDS) in pre-school patients remain scarce. This study aimed to report the utility of mini-probe EUS for the diagnosis of CES or CDS in pre-school patients based on the etiology.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of pediatric patients with CES or CDS who underwent mini-probe EUS through the stenotic segments at our hospital between December 2006 and December 2021.