Longitudinal phage-bacteria dynamics in the early life gut microbiome.

Microbial colonization of the human gut occurs soon after birth, proceeds through well-studied phases and is affected by lifestyle and other factors. Less is known about phage community dynamics during infant gut colonization due to small study sizes, an inability to leverage large databases and a lack of appropriate bioinformatics tools. Here we reanalysed whole microbial community shotgun sequencing data of 12,262 longitudinal samples from 887 children from four countries across four years of life as part of the The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study.

Longitudinal host transcriptional responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults with extremely high viral load.

Current understanding of viral dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 and host responses driving the pathogenic mechanisms in COVID-19 is rapidly evolving. Here, we conducted a longitudinal study to investigate gene expression patterns during acute SARS-CoV-2 illness. Cases included SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals with extremely high viral loads early in their illness, individuals having low SARS-CoV-2 viral loads early in their infection, and individuals testing negative for SARS-CoV-2.

Environmental Exposures and Canine Bladder Cancer: A Case Control Study Using Silicone Passive Samplers.

Pet dogs offer valuable models for studying environmental impacts on human health due to shared environments and a shorter latency period for cancer development. We assessed environmental chemical exposures in a case-control study involving dogs at high risk of urothelial carcinoma, identified by a BRAF V595E mutation in urinary epithelial cells. Cases ( = 25) exhibited low-level BRAF mutations, while controls ( = 76) were matched dogs without the mutation.

A novel anxiety-associated SNP identified in () is associated with decreased protein binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

Introduction: Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental illnesses in the US. An estimated 31.1% of U.

Early outcomes following local salvage treatment with MRI-assisted low-dose rate brachytherapy (MARS) for MRI-visible postsurgical bed recurrences and focal intraprostatic recurrences.

Background: To determine outcomes of MRI-assisted radiosurgery (MARS) for salvage brachytherapy using the radioisotope Pd after various upfront treatments including surgery, external beam radiotherapy, and brachytherapy.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data for patients who underwent salvage MARS for intraprostatic lesions or prostate bed recurrences from 2016 to 2022. Biochemical recurrence, prostate cancer-specific, and overall survival, and the cumulative incidences of toxicities, were determined by Kaplan-Meier estimates.