Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy-Ultralow-Current Measurement Systems for Nanoscale Imaging of a Surface's Electrical Properties.

One of the most advanced and versatile nanoscale diagnostic tools is atomic force microscopy. By enabling advanced imaging techniques, it allows us to determine various assets of a surface, including morphological, electrical, mechanical, magnetic, and thermal properties. Measuring local current flow is one of the very important methods of evaluation for, for instance, photovoltaic materials or semiconductor structures and other nanodevices.

The Novel DNA Binding Mechanism of Ridinilazole, a Precision Antibiotic.

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide with limited antibiotic treatment options. Ridinilazole is a precision bisbenzimidazole antibiotic being developed to treat CDI and reduce unacceptably high rates of infection recurrence in patients. Although in late clinical development, the precise mechanism of action by which ridinilazole elicits its bactericidal activity has remained elusive.

Novel type of whisker-tip cantilever based on GaN microrods for atomic force microscopy.

High-resolution scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a fundamental and efficient technology for surface characterization of modern materials at the subnanometre scale. The bottleneck of SPM is the probe and scanning tip. Materials with stable electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties for high-aspect-ratio (AR) tips are continuously being developed to improve their accuracy.

Recent advances in /-alkylation with alcohols through hydride transfer strategies.

This review highlights the most recent reports in three powerful and ever-growing fields of borrowing hydrogen, acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling, and base-mediated hydride transfer strategies; which pave the way for generating reactive intermediates shuttling hydrogen (or hydride) between starting materials without any need for an external hydrogen source to easily construct more complex structures. There is a thorough focus on diversifying the utility of alcohols for /-alkylation leading to the synthesis of branched ketones, alcohols, amines, indols, and 6-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycles such as pyridines and pyrimidines, various transformations with the focus on C-C and C-N bond-forming reactions metal-based catalysis or metal-free approaches in this context to give a global overview in this area.