Vaccine-based therapeutic interventions in lung cancer management: A recent perspective.

The incidence of lung cancer continues to grow globally, contributing to an ever-increasing load on healthcare systems. Emerging evidence has indicated lowered efficacy of conventional treatment strategies, such as chemotherapy, surgical interventions and radiotherapy, prompting the need for exploring alternative interventions. A growing focus on immunotherapy and the development of personalized medicine has paved the way for vaccine-based delivery in lung cancer.

Device-handling study of a novel breath-actuated inhaler, Synchrobreathe®, versus a pMDI.

Introduction: Synchrobreathe®, a new-generation, novel breath-actuated inhaler (BAI) can address the key issues arising during the use of both pressurised metered dose inhalers ([pMDIs]; hand-breath coordination) and dry powder inhalers ([DPIs]; high inspiratory flow required) with respect to optimal drug deposition.

Materials And Methods: This was an open-label, prospective, 2-week, multicentre study that assessed device handling, ease of use, errors and participant perception regarding the use of Synchrobreathe® versus a pMDI in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (n = 162) or asthma (n = 239) and inhaler-naïve healthy volunteers (n = 59). Ability to use the device without errors at the first attempt, total number of errors before and after training, time taken to use the device correctly and total number of training sessions, and number of attempts to perform the correct technique on Day 1 and Day 14 were evaluated.

Systemic Immuno-metabolic alterations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Background: Metabolic adaptation in immune cells is necessary to modulate immune cell function as it is intricately coupled with intracellular metabolism. We aimed to characterize the metabolic state of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after long-term exposure to tobacco smoke in smokers with preserved lung function and COPD subjects.

Methods: PBMCs were isolated from healthy non-smokers (HNS), healthy smokers (HS) and COPD subjects, cultured and the mitochondrial respiration while utilizing glucose (glycolysis), fatty acids (β-oxidation) or pyruvate (direct Krebs' cycle substrate) was measured using the XFp Extracellular Flux Analyzer.

Herb-drug interaction of Nisha Amalaki and Curcuminoids with metformin in normal and diabetic condition: A disease system approach.

Nisha Amalaki (NA), formulation with Curcuma longa Linn (Turmeric, Haridra, Nisha in Sanskrit; Family: Zingiberaceae) and Phyllanthus emblica Linn (Indian gooseberry, Amlaki in Sanskrit; Family: Phyllanthaceae) which is described for various diseases including diabetes in ayurvedic texts and Nighantus. The aim of the present study was to assess the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) interactions of chemically standardized NA and Curcuminoids (CE) with metformin (MET) in normal and diabetic animals. Oral administration of NA (200 mg/kg) and CE (30 mg/kg) was carried out for seven days followed by co-administration of MET till fifteen days.

Prevalence, risk factors and clinical correlates of COPD in a rural setting in Tanzania.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes substantial burden of disease in developed countries, but there are limited data from Africa. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of COPD in Tanzania and identify the risk factors associated with it.This was a cross-sectional descriptive survey involving adults aged ≥35 years.