At-line near-infrared and Raman spectroscopy methods for determining the thermal decomposition of sodium hydrogen carbonate in a fluidized bed process.

Near-infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopy are analytical methods which are used increasingly for qualitative and quantitative at- or in-line measurements in the pharmaceutical industry. With the published quality guidelines of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), these technologies are becoming popular, especially for ensuring high product quality and process monitoring. After a development of multivariate methods in this study, the best models were selected based on various quality parameters and the applicability of these in the routine process was presented.

Increased endogenous DNA oxidation correlates to increased iron levels in melanocytes relative to keratinocytes.

The endogenous oxidative state of normal human epidermal melanocytes was investigated and compared to normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) in order to gain new insight into melanocyte biology. Previously, we showed that NHEKs contain higher levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) than melanocytes and that it can migrate from NHEKs to melanocytes by passive permeation. Nevertheless, despite lower concentrations of H2O2, we now report higher levels of oxidative DNA in melanocytes as indicated by increased levels of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG): 4.

Propolis and its Active Component, Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE), Modulate Breast Cancer Therapeutic Targets via an Epigenetically Mediated Mechanism of Action.

Alternative remedies for cancer treatment is a multi-billion dollar industry. In particular, breast cancer (BC) patients use alternative and natural remedies more frequently than patients with other malignancies. Propolis is an example of a honeybee-produced naturopathic formulation, contents of which differ by geographic location.

Menopause increases the iron storage protein ferritin in skin.

Menstruation and desquamation are important routes for humans to excrete iron. Because menstruation is no longer available in postmenopausal women, in the present study, we examined whether iron accumulates more in postmenopausal skin than in premenopausal skin. Skin biopsy samples were obtained from six pre- and six postmenopausal Caucasian women.