An Anatomic Study on Whether the Patella is Centered in an Ideal Anteroposterior Radiograph of the Knee.

Background: Currently, an anteroposterior radiograph of the knee is judged based on a centered position of the patella between the femoral condyles. We are not aware of any anatomic literature supporting this recommendation.

Questions/purposes: Orthogonal images are required for accurate assessment of knee deformity.

An anatomical study of the entry point in the greater trochanter for intramedullary nailing.

Malpositioning of the trochanteric entry point during the introduction of an intramedullary nail may cause iatrogenic fracture or malreduction. Although the optimal point of insertion in the coronal plane has been well described, positioning in the sagittal plane is poorly defined. The paired femora from 374 cadavers were placed both in the anatomical position and in internal rotation to neutralise femoral anteversion.

Resveratrol prevents β-cell dedifferentiation in nonhuman primates given a high-fat/high-sugar diet.

Eating a "Westernized" diet high in fat and sugar leads to weight gain and numerous health problems, including the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Rodent studies have shown that resveratrol supplementation reduces blood glucose levels, preserves β-cells in islets of Langerhans, and improves insulin action. Although rodent models are helpful for understanding β-cell biology and certain aspects of T2DM pathology, they fail to reproduce the complexity of the human disease as well as that of nonhuman primates.

VENNTURE--a novel Venn diagram investigational tool for multiple pharmacological dataset analysis.

As pharmacological data sets become increasingly large and complex, new visual analysis and filtering programs are needed to aid their appreciation. One of the most commonly used methods for visualizing biological data is the Venn diagram. Currently used Venn analysis software often presents multiple problems to biological scientists, in that only a limited number of simultaneous data sets can be analyzed.