Sperm function in vitro and fertility after antibiotic-free, hypothermic storage of liquid preserved boar semen.

The role of antibiotics (AB) in semen extenders as a potential contribution to the global antimicrobial resistance threat is emerging. Here, we establish an AB-free hypothermic preservation strategy for boar semen and investigate its impact on sperm function, microbial load and fertility after artificial insemination (AI). Spermatozoa (12 boars) preserved in AB-free AndroStar Premium extender at 5 °C maintained high motility, membrane integrity, and a low DNA-fragmentation index throughout 72 h storage and results did not significantly differ from controls stored at 17 °C in extender containing AB (p = 0.

Application of preserved boar semen for artificial insemination: Past, present and future challenges.

Artificial insemination (AI) is now used for breeding more than 90% of the sows in most of the world's primary pork producing countries. Despite the advancement of methods to cryopreserve boar semen, frozen semen has not been routinely used on farms because of limited efficiency. Liquid semen on the other hand, with 1.

Helicopter interfacility transport of pediatric trauma patients: Are we overusing a costly resource?

Background: Helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) provide an important service to decrease interfacility transport times compared with ground ambulances. Although transport via HEMS is typically faster, the decreased transportation time comes at the expense of increased risks to the patient and flight crew and higher costs. Therefore, it is important to balance the immediate patient needs with the risk and expense of HEMS transport.

A consensus-based criterion standard definition for pediatric patients who needed the highest-level trauma team activation.

Background: Verbal prehospital reports on an injured patient’s condition are typically used by trauma centers to determine if a trauma team should be present in the emergency department prior to patient arrival (i.e., trauma team activation).

Response to capacitating stimuli indicates extender-related differences in boar sperm function.

Spermatozoa, especially those of the porcine species, are highly susceptible to in vitro chilling and ageing. Extenders are continuously developed to protect boar spermatozoa from chilling injury. New semen extenders and other modified preservation strategies require sensitive testing for essential sperm functions.