[New concept : The milk ladder, the climb to tolerance in non-IgE-mediated cow's milk protein allergy].

Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the leading cause of food allergy in young children. Despite the spontaneous acquisition of tolerance in the majority of cases at school age, the impact of CMPA on the quality of life of the child and his/her family is clearly more deleterious than in other food allergies. The milk scale, a form of oral immunotherapy, accelerates the acquisition of tolerance such as to curb this negative impact, through a process of gradually reintroducing milk into the diet of the allergic patient.

Retinopathy of prematurity, a two-year experience at the ROP screening unit from AL-Zahraa Teaching Hospital, AL-Najaf, Iraq.

This study aimed to assess the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Al Najaf city, define the risk factors of ROP, and assess the performance of the newly implemented ROP screening. This retrospective study was performed in the ROP screening clinic in Al Najaf city between January 2018 and December 2019. 247 neonates were examined at the ROP screening clinic, with gestational age ≤30 weeks, weight ≤1500 g, other fetal and maternal risk factors, and older or heavier newborns with a complicated course.

[How I explore... suspicion of insect venom allergy in children].

Suspicion of allergy to insect venoms following bites (mosquito, bee, wasp, …) is a frequent reason for consultation in pediatric allergology. Very often, these are local or locoregional reactions, which do not justify any other additional examinations. Biological analyses are performed when desensitization is recommended.

Association Between Vitamin D Levels and Glycemic Control Among Adult Diabetic Patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Unlabelled: Background Diabetes is one of the most common diseases worldwide. It can cause serious complications, such as cardiovascular events, end-stage renal disease, and blindness if not controlled. Vitamin D is believed to play an essential role in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance.

The causes and frequency of kidney allograft failure in a low-resource setting: observational data from Iraqi Kurdistan.

Background: In the developing world, transplantation is the most common long-term treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease, but rates and causes of graft failure are uncertain.

Methods: This was a retrospective outcomes study of renal transplant patients seen in Iraqi Kurdistan nephrology clinics in the year 2019. In 2019, 871 renal transplant patients were registered and outcomes followed through 12/31/2020.