Macular, choroidal and disc associations across women's reproductive life stages: a scoping review from menarche to post-menopause.

Oestrogen and progesterone fluctuate cyclically in women throughout their adult lives. Although these hormones cross the blood-retinal barrier and bind to intraocular receptors, their effects remain unclear. We present the first review to date on associations between posterior pole structures-specifically the macula, choroid, and optic disc-and both the menstrual cycle and post-menopausal period, utilising multimodal imaging techniques in healthy adult non-pregnant women.

tagtango: an application to compare single-cell annotations.

Summary: In this article, we present tagtango, an innovative R package and web application designed for robust and intuitive comparison of single-cell clusters and annotations. It offers an interactive platform that simplifies the exploration of differences and similarities among different clustering and annotation methods. Leveraging single-cell data analysis and different visualizations, it allows researchers to dissect the underlying biological differences across groups.

Parallel randomised trial testing community fibrosis assessment for suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: outcomes from LOCATE-NAFLD.

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is estimated to affect a third of Australian adults, and its prevalence is predicted to rise, increasing the burden on the healthcare system. The LOCal Assessment and Triage Evaluation of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (LOCATE-NAFLD) trialled a community-based fibrosis assessment service using FibroScan to reduce the time to diagnosis of high-risk NAFLD and improve patient outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a 1:1 parallel randomised trial to compare two alternative models of care for NAFLD diagnosis and assessment.

Machine learning derived retinal pigment score from ophthalmic imaging shows ethnicity is not biology.

Few metrics exist to describe phenotypic diversity within ophthalmic imaging datasets, with researchers often using ethnicity as a surrogate marker for biological variability. We derived a continuous, measured metric, the retinal pigment score (RPS), that quantifies the degree of pigmentation from a colour fundus photograph of the eye. RPS was validated using two large epidemiological studies with demographic and genetic data (UK Biobank and EPIC-Norfolk Study) and reproduced in a Tanzanian, an Australian, and a Chinese dataset.

Bilateral anterior lens capsule rupture in Alport syndrome: case series and literature review.

We present 3 cases of bilateral anterior lens capsule rupture, all leading to a subsequent diagnosis of Alport syndrome. Clinicians should be alert to the ocular and systemic features of Alport syndrome, especially when presented with a spontaneous rupture of the anterior lens capsule in young males. Ophthalmologists are often the first contact for patients with Alport syndrome, and a sound knowledge of the associated features will enable timely referral to other members of a multidisciplinary team required to treat such patients.