The evolution of cephalic fins in manta rays and their relatives: functional evidence for initiation of domain splitting and modulation of the Wnt signaling pathway in the pectoral fin AER of the little skate.

Background: Batoids possess a unique body plan associated with a benthic lifestyle that includes dorsoventral compression and anteriorly expanded pectoral fins that fuse to the rostrum. The family Myliobatidae, including manta rays and their relatives, exhibit further modifications associated with invasion of the pelagic environment, and the evolution of underwater flight. Notably, the pectoral fins are split into two domains with independent functions that are optimized for feeding and oscillatory locomotion.

How Does Our Voice Reflect Who We Are? Connecting the Voice and the Self Using Implicit Association Tests.

Purpose: This study examined the contribution of voice to the self via implicit associations.

Method: An implicit association test (IAT) of the voice and the self was created and presented to vocal performers and community controls. One-hundred eleven participants completed this voice-self IAT, the Vocal Congruence Scale (VCS), and the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) via an in-person, monitored, and timed Qualtrics survey.

Pivoting to telemedicine in a single-day multidisciplinary liver tumor clinic during COVID-19: the Texas Liver Tumor Center experience.

Cancer guidelines recommend that all patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have an evaluation by a multidisciplinary team to assess liver health, stage the cancer, and discuss treatment and palliative care options. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had a catastrophic impact on patients with cancer resulting in increased disease burden due to late diagnosis and treatment delays. Late diagnosis has highlighted the need for the early intervention of palliative care for patients with HCC.

Cross-cultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese of the Vocal Congruence Scale and Transgender Congruence Scale.

Purpose: to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of the Vocal Congruence Scale (VCS) and the Transgender Scale Congruence (TSC) instruments into Brazilian Portuguese.

Methods: the study was developed in two stages: cross-cultural adaptation and pre-test. 1.

Are vertebrates constrained to two sets of paired appendages? The morphology, development, and evolution of pre-pelvic claspers in the Holocephali.

Holocephalans exhibit auxiliary appendages called pre-pelvic claspers (PPCs) that are located anterior to the pelvic fins, while pelvic claspers are pelvic fin modifications located posteriorly as modified metapterygia. Articulation points of the PPCs have not previously been imaged or evaluated in a comparative context, therefore, they may represent modified pelvic fin structures if they articulate with the propterygium. Alternatively, they could represent the only example of an independent third set of paired appendages in an extant taxon, if they articulate independently from any pelvic fin basal cartilages, challenging the current paradigm that extant jawed vertebrates are constrained to two sets of paired appendages.