Associations between attentional biases for emotional images and rumination in depression.

Rumination is a key feature of depression and contributes to its onset, maintenance, and recurrence. Researchers have proposed that biases in the attentional processing of emotional information may underlie rumination, and particularly, the brooding component. This investigation evaluated associations between attentional biases for emotional images and rumination, including both brooding and reflection, in currently and never depressed participants.

Uncovering Mental Health Profiles of Workers with a Physically Disabling Injury or Illness Using the Complete State Mental Health Framework.

Background: Complete mental health encompasses both mental illness (MI) symptoms and positive mental health (PMH). Distinct profiles of MI and PMH have not been explored among injured workers. This study describes latent mental health profiles among workers with a disabling physical work injury/illness and identifies differences in sociodemographic and return-to-work factors, health correlates, and disability claim duration and cost between profiles.

Nanopore sequencing of intact aminoacylated tRNAs.

Transfer RNAs (tRNA) are decorated during biogenesis with a variety of modifications that modulate their stability, aminoacylation, and decoding potential during translation. The complex landscape of tRNA modification presents significant analysis challenges and to date no single approach enables the simultaneous measurement of important but disparate chemical properties of individual, mature tRNA molecules. We developed a new, integrated approach to analyze the sequence, modification, and aminoacylation state of tRNA molecules in a high throughput nanopore sequencing experiment, leveraging a chemical ligation that embeds the charged amino acid in an adapted tRNA molecule.

Phase II trial of multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor ESK981 in combination with PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Increasing the response rates of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) presents a significant challenge. ESK981 is a multi-tyrosine kinase and PIKfyve lipid kinase inhibitor that augments immunotherapeutic responses. In this phase II study, ESK981 was combined with the PD-1 blocking monoclonal antibody nivolumab to test for potentially improved response rates in patients with mCRPC who have progressed on androgen receptor (AR)-targeted agents and chemotherapy.

Experimental coral reef communities transform yet persist under mitigated future ocean warming and acidification.

Coral reefs are among the most sensitive ecosystems affected by ocean warming and acidification, and are predicted to collapse over the next few decades. Reefs are predicted to shift from net accreting calcifier-dominated systems with exceptionally high biodiversity to net eroding algal-dominated systems with dramatically reduced biodiversity. Here, we present a two-year experimental study examining the responses of entire mesocosm coral reef communities to warming (+2 °C), acidification (-0.