A novel injectable collagen matrix: in vitro characterization and in vivo evaluation.

We present here a unique engineered collagen formulation that is injectable and compacts into a porous viscoelastic solid after implantation, achieving completely focal application without cross-linking. This implant provides a cohesive continuously porous matrix, as demonstrated by permeability and compression experiments. Those experiments also provide initial mechanical characterization of the material and establish the ability to modify these essential properties by design.

Influence of photoperiod and temperature on frost hardiness and free amino acid concentrations in black spruce seedlings.

We investigated the effects of a 4-week exposure to an 8-h or 18-h photoperiod at 5 or 25 degrees C on the development of hardiness to -20 degrees C and the accumulation of proline (Pro), arginine (Arg) and tryptophan (Trp) in shoots of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.