Representation of Hispanic Patients in Clinical Trials for Respiratory Failure: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Hispanic individuals comprise one-fifth of the U.S. population and Hispanic patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) experience higher odds of death compared with non-Hispanic White patients.

Interictal burden in migraine patients at the outset of CGRP monoclonal antibody prevention.

Background: The total burden of migraine includes not only the episodes with headache pain but extends throughout the interictal periods. Interictal symptoms and associated psychological responses may profoundly impact well-being and drive treatment-seeking behavior.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with participants aged ≥ 18 years, 250 with episodic migraine (EM) and 250 with chronic migraine (CM), having ≥ 4 monthly migraine headache days.

Neural mechanisms responsible for vagus nerve stimulation-dependent enhancement of somatosensory recovery.

Impairments in somatosensory function are a common and often debilitating consequence of neurological injury, with few effective interventions. Building on success in rehabilitation for motor dysfunction, the delivery of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) combined with tactile rehabilitation has emerged as a potential approach to enhance recovery of somatosensation. In order to maximize the effectiveness of VNS therapy and promote translation to clinical implementation, we sought to optimize the stimulation paradigm and identify neural mechanisms that underlie VNS-dependent recovery.

Neural Mechanisms Responsible for Vagus Nerve Stimulation-Dependent Enhancement of Somatosensory Recovery.

Impairments in somatosensory function are a common and often debilitating consequence of neurological injury, with few effective interventions. Building on success in rehabilitation for motor dysfunction, the delivery of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) combined with tactile rehabilitation has emerged as a potential approach to enhance recovery of somatosensation. In order to maximize the effectiveness of VNS therapy and promote translation to clinical implementation, we sought to optimize the stimulation paradigm and identify neural mechanisms that underlie VNS-dependent recovery.

Enhanced Directed Evolution in Mammalian Cells Yields a Hyperefficient Pyrrolysyl tRNA for Noncanonical Amino Acid Mutagenesis.

Heterologous tRNAs used for noncanonical amino acid (ncAA) mutagenesis in mammalian cells typically show poor activity. We recently introduced a virus-assisted directed evolution strategy (VADER) that can enrich improved tRNA mutants from naïve libraries in mammalian cells. However, VADER was limited to processing only a few thousand mutants; the inability to screen a larger sequence space precluded the identification of highly active variants with distal synergistic mutations.