Integrated systems improve soil microclimate, soybean photosynthesis and growth.

This study aimed to compare the conventional soybean ( L.) cultivation method with integrated systems in an Latossolo Vermelho Acriférrico típico and how these systems affect soil cover biomass production, initial nutrient concentration in plant residues, soil respiration and microclimate, as well as soybean growth, physiology and productivity. A comparative analysis of microclimate and soil respiration, plant physiology, and growth was conducted between a conventional soybean monoculture (soybean grown without plant residues on the soil from the previous crop) and soybean grown in soil containing maize residues.

Accumbal acetylcholine signals associative salience.

Learning in dynamic environments requires animals to not only associate cues with outcomes but also to determine cue salience, which modulates how quickly related associations are updated. While dopamine (DA) in the nucleus accumbens core (NAcc) has been implicated in learning associations, the mechanisms of salience are less understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that acetylcholine (ACh) in the NAcc encodes cue salience.

COVID-19: Training activities, adherence, and use of personal protective equipment in Primary Health Care.

Objective: to analyze the association between participation in training activities and the adherence to and use of personal protective equipment by workers and professionals involved in Health Residency Programs in Primary Health Care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: a cross-sectional study in Brazil between August/2020 and March/2021. We utilized the EPI-APS COVID-19 instrument and its adapted version for resident professionals.

Generalized cue reactivity in rat dopamine neurons after opioids.

Cue reactivity is the maladaptive neurobiological and behavioral response upon exposure to drug cues and is a major driver of relapse. A widely accepted assumption is that drugs of abuse result in disparate dopamine responses to cues that predict drug vs. natural rewards.

Invasion of glioma cells through confined space requires membrane tension regulation and mechano-electrical coupling via Plexin-B2.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor with diffuse infiltration. Here, we demonstrate how GBM cells usurp guidance receptor Plexin-B2 for confined migration through restricted space. Using live-cell imaging to track GBM cells negotiating microchannels, we reveal endocytic vesicle accumulation at cell front and filamentous actin assembly at cell rear in a polarized manner.