A Hospice Transitions Program for Patients in the Emergency Department.

Importance: Patients often visit the emergency department (ED) near the end of life. Their common disposition is inpatient hospital admission, which can result in a delayed transition to hospice care and, ultimately, an inpatient hospital death that may be misaligned with their goals of care.

Objective: To assess the association of hospice use with a novel multidisciplinary hospice program to rapidly identify and enroll eligible patients presenting to the ED near end of life.

Tinnitus-related increases in single-unit activity in awake rat auditory cortex correlate with tinnitus behavior.

Tinnitus is known to affect 10-15 % of the population, severely impacting 1-2 % of those afflicted. Canonically, tinnitus is generally a consequence of peripheral auditory damage resulting in maladaptive plastic changes in excitatory/inhibitory homeostasis at multiple levels of the central auditory pathway as well as changes in diverse nonauditory structures. Animal studies of primary auditory cortex (A1) generally find tinnitus-related changes in excitability across A1 layers and differences between inhibitory neuronal subtypes.

Antimicrobial effects of a borate-based bioactive glass wound matrix on wound-relevant pathogens.

Objective: The antimicrobial effects of a borate-based bioactive glass matrix (BBBGM) on clinically relevant microorganisms was investigated for up to seven days in vitro.

Method: A total of 19 wound-relevant pathogens were studied using the in vitro AATCC 100 test method.

Results: The reduction of viable Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts at days 4 and 7 post-culture on the BBBGM was significant (> 4log) in most cases.

Cohort profile: the longitudinal National Growth and Health Study (NGHS) of black and white girls from Northern California tracking how behavioural and psychosocial risk factors predict cardiovascular risk and biological ageing in midlife and in offspring.

Purpose: The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS) prospectively collected anthropometric, biospecimens, clinical, health behaviour and psychosocial measures associated with cardiovascular disease from childhood to young adulthood. The aim of the current study was to assess the impact of stress, dysregulated eating and social genomic biomarkers on cardiometabolic risk factors among the original participants now in midlife and their children.

Participants: Beginning in 1987-1988, NGHS recruited black and white girls (age 9-10 years) from socioeconomically diverse backgrounds from from three sites: Cincinnati, Ohio; Washington, DC; and Western Contra Costa County, California (N=2379) and followed them for 10 years.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and BMI: Lifecourse Associations in a Black-White U.S. Women Cohort.

Introduction: Although adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been positively associated with adiposity, few studies have examined long-term race-specific ACE-BMI relationships.

Methods: A Black and White all-women cohort (N=611; 48.6% Black) was followed between 1987 and 1997 from childhood (ages 9-10 years) through adolescence (ages 19-20 years) to midlife (ages 36-43 years, between 2015 and 2019).