Early Experience of Peer Advocate Program: Using Quality Improvement to Optimize Behavioral and Communication Disconnect in the Operating Room.

Background: The operating room (OR) remains a challenging and hierarchical work environment within healthcare, where the attending surgeon functions as a team captain. Unprofessional behavior or disconnects in this environment can lead to breakdowns in teamwork and reports within the safety event reporting system (SERS). Interventions focused on remediating adverse behaviors and team interactions should optimize team function and potentially enhance patient outcomes.

Does gender affect experiences in the operating room for surgeons and anesthesiologists at a large academic center?

Background: Although the number of women medical trainees has increased in recent years, they remain a minority of the academic workforce. Gender-based implicit biases may lead to deleterious effects on surgical workforce retention and productivity.

Methods: All 440 attending surgeons and anesthesiologists employed at our institution were invited to complete a survey regarding perceptions of the perioperative work environment and resources.

Anesthetic management of children with medically refractory pulmonary hypertension undergoing surgical Potts shunt.

Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension in children is associated with high rates of adverse events under anesthesia. In children who have failed medical therapy, a posttricuspid shunt such as a Potts shunt can offload the right ventricle and possibly delay or replace the need for lung transplantation. Intraoperative management of this procedure, during which an anastomosis between the pulmonary artery and the descending aorta is created, is complex and requires a deep understanding of the pathophysiology of acute and chronic right ventricular failure.

Paediatric patients in mass casualty incidents: a comprehensive review and call to action.

The paediatric population is disproportionately affected during mass casualty incidents (MCIs). Several unique characteristics of children merit special attention during natural and man-made disasters because of their age, physiology, and vulnerability. Paediatric anaesthesiologists play a critical part of MCI care for this population, yet there is a deficit of publications within the anaesthesia literature addressing paediatric-specific MCI concerns.

CMV exposure drives long-term CD57+ CD4 memory T-cell inflation following allogeneic stem cell transplant.

Donor and recipient cytomegalovirus (CMV) serostatus correlate with transplant-related mortality that is associated with reduced survival following allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT). Prior epidemiologic studies have suggested that CMV seronegative recipients (R-) receiving a CMV-seropositive graft (D+) experience inferior outcomes compared with other serostatus combinations, an observation that appears independent of viral reactivation. We therefore investigated the hypothesis that prior donor CMV exposure irreversibly modifies immunologic function after SCT.