Nemolizumab efficacy in prurigo nodularis: onset of action on itch and sleep disturbances.

Background: Patients with prurigo nodularis (PN) have multiple itchy nodules, impaired quality of life and sleep deprivation. Prurigo nodularis patients have a high burden of disease, primarily due to the intensity of the itch. It is reasonable to expect that rapid relief of itch - and associated improvement of sleep - are highly valued clinical outcomes for patients.

H1-antihistamine-refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria: it's worse than we thought - first results of the multicenter real-life AWARE study.

Background: Most data on chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) originate from highly selected patient populations treated at specialized centres. Little is known about CSU patient characteristics and the burden of CSU in routine clinical practice. AWARE (A World-wide Antihistamine-Refractory chronic urticaria patient Evaluation) is an ongoing global study designed to assess chronic urticaria in the real-life setting.

A multicenter, randomized trial of increased mycophenolic acid dose using enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium with reduced tacrolimus exposure in maintenance kidney transplant recipients.

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) dose is frequently reduced in tacrolimus-treated kidney transplant patients, but alternatively the recommended MPA dose can be maintained with reduced tacrolimus exposure. In a 6-month, multicenter, randomized, openlabel study, maintenance kidney transplant patients receiving MPA (mycophenolate mofetil 1g/d or enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS) 720 mg/d) and tacrolimus were randomized to convert to EC-MPS 1,440 mg/d with reduced tacrolimus (n = 46), or receive EC-MPS 720 mg/d with unchanged tacrolimus (n = 48). Mean estimated GFR (eGFR, aMDRD) at Month 6 was 49.

Elevated concentrations of circulating intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) in HIV-1 infection.

The aim of this study was to determine whether elevated levels of circulating forms of the soluble adhesion molecules, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (cICAM-1), Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (cVCAM-1) and E-Selectin (cE-Selectin) are observed in the sera of HIV-1 infected individuals as compared to healthy HIV seronegative adults and whether these elevated levels can be correlated with disease progression. Significantly elevated levels of cICAM-1-ranging from 184 to 1116 ng/ml with a mean of 617 ng/ml-and cVCAM-1-ranging from 653 to 3456 ng/ml with a mean of 1500 ng/ml-were observed in the sera of 29 HIV-1 infected individuals as compared to controls-ranging from 152 to 354 ng/ml with a mean of 248 ng/ml for cICAM-1 and from 328 to 792 ng/ml with a mean of 560 ng/ml for cVCAM-1 (P < 0.001).