Global genomic diversity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in bronchiectasis.

Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common pathogen in the bronchiectasis lung, associated with worsened outcomes. P. aeruginosa genomic studies in this context have been limited to single-country, European studies.

Exposure of Neighborhood Racial and Socio-Economic Composition in Activity Space: A New Approach Adjusting for Residential Conditions.

A longstanding urban sociological literature emphasizes the geographic isolation of city dwellers in residence and everyday routines, expecting exposures to neighborhood racial and socio-economic structure driven principally by city-wide segregation and the role of proximity and homophily in mobility. The compelled mobility approach emphasizes the uneven distribution of organizational and institutional resources across urban space, expecting residents of poor Black-segregated neighborhoods to exhibit non-trivial levels of everyday exposure to White, non-poor areas for resource seeking. We use two sets of location data in the hypersegregated Chicago metro to examine these two approaches: Global Positioning System (GPS) location tracking on a sample of older adults from the study and travel diaries on a sample of younger adults by the .

Ecological and evolutionary mechanisms driving within-patient emergence of antimicrobial resistance.

The ecological and evolutionary mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emergence within patients and how these vary across bacterial infections are poorly understood. Increasingly widespread use of pathogen genome sequencing in the clinic enables a deeper understanding of these processes. In this Review, we explore the clinical evidence to support four major mechanisms of within-patient AMR emergence in bacteria: spontaneous resistance mutations; in situ horizontal gene transfer of resistance genes; selection of pre-existing resistance; and immigration of resistant lineages.

Keeping Us Young? Grandchild Caregiving and Older Adults' Cognitive Functioning.

Objective: This study investigates longitudinal associations between providing care to grandchildren and cognitive functioning. It also examines heterogeneity in these relationships.

Background: Grandchild caregiving may support older adults' cognitive functioning by providing social engagement and emotional meaning.

Corrigendum: Momentary loneliness among older adults: Contextual differences and their moderation by gender and race/ethnicity.

Studies suggest that loneliness is associated with age. Among older adults, women and Black adults may be at greater risk than men and White adults, respectively. Social and physical contexts are also linked with loneliness.