Separating edges from microstructure in X-ray dark-field imaging: evolving and devolving perspectives via the X-ray Fokker-Planck equation.

A key contribution to X-ray dark-field (XDF) contrast is the diffusion of X-rays by sample structures smaller than the imaging system's spatial resolution; this is related to position-dependent small-angle X-ray scattering. However, some experimental XDF techniques have reported that XDF contrast is also generated by resolvable sample edges. Speckle-based X-ray imaging (SBXI) extracts the XDF by analyzing sample-imposed changes to a reference speckle pattern's visibility.

Benthic mud content is a strong indicator of coral cover and ecosystem recovery on turbid coral reefs.

Turbid coral reefs are characterised by high turbidity and sedimentation. However, the impacts of terrestrial sediment inputs on coral communities, as well as their interactions with reef-derived carbonate sediment, remain poorly understood. Here we examine the physical properties of mixed carbonate-siliciclastic benthic sediments from six turbid reefs in southern Singapore, which exhibit coral covers ranging from 15 % to 65 %.

Nup107 contributes to the maternal to zygotic transition by preventing the premature nuclear export of pri-miRNA 427.

Emerging evidence suggests that the nuclear pore complex can have unique compositions and distinct nucleoporin functions in different cells. Here, we show that Nup107, a key component of the NPC scaffold, varies in expression over development: it is expressed at higher levels in the blastula compared to the gastrula suggesting a critical role prior to gastrulation. We find depletion of Nup107 affects the differentiation of the early germ layers leading to an expansion of the ectoderm at the expense of endoderm and mesoderm.