Development and validation of a Q-sort procedure to assess temperament and behavior in preschool-age children.

Few broad observational measures of preschool-age children's temperament and behavior currently exist. Studied the Child Temperament and Behavior Q-Set (CTBQ-Set) as a naturalistic observation measure to tap the major domains of temperament and behavior in preschoolers. Pairs of observers rated the behavior of a community sample of preschoolers during 2 independent home visits using q-sort methodology.

Gender differences in eating disorder symptoms in young adults.

Objective: The major goal of this study was to identify problematic eating behaviors and attitudes in young men and compare them with those of young women.

Method: A community sample of young adults (n = 1,056) completed a questionnaire that contained the Drive for Thinness, Bulimia, and Body Dissatisfaction subscales of the Eating Disorder Inventory, as well as probes for inappropriate compensatory behaviors, excessive exercise, and episodes of binge eating.

Results: A five-factor structure fit both male and female samples.

The development of major depressive episodes during the course of dysthymic and episodic major depressive disorders: a retrospective examination of life events.

Background: The present study examined whether stressful life events are associated with the development of major depressive episodes (MDEs) in a longitudinal, retrospective study of dysthymic and episodic major depressive disorders.

Methods: Sixty-seven outpatients with DSM-III-R dysthymia and 38 outpatients with non-chronic major depression were followed up 30-60 months after entry into the study. Follow-up assessments included a modified version of Paykel's (1997) Interview for Recent Life Events (IRLE) and Keller et al.