3D MRI with CT-like bone contrast (3D-BONE): a pictorial review of clinical applications.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard imaging modality for the assessment of 3D bony morphology but incurs the cost of ionizing radiation exposure. High-resolution 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with CT-like bone contrast (CLBC) may provide an alternative to CT in allowing complete evaluation of both bony and soft tissue structures with a single MRI examination.

Purpose: To review the technical aspects of an optimized stack-of-stars 3D gradient recalled echo pulse sequence method (3D-Bone) in generating 3D MR images with CLBC, and to present a pictorial review of the utility of 3D-Bone in the clinical assessment of common musculoskeletal conditions.

Expressional Alternation of 5α-Reductase Type I, P450 Aromatase, and Androgen and Estrogen Receptors in the Mouse Testis Induced by the Lipectomy of the Epididymal Fat at Different Postnatal Ages.

The epididymal fat is required for the maintenance of normal spermatogenesis, and the lipectomy of epididymal fat at different postnatal age results in disrupted expression patterns of several testicular steroidogenic enzymes. The current research examined the effect of epididymal fat lipectomy at different postnatal ages on expression of cytochrome 5α-reductase I, cytochrome P450 aromatase, androgen receptor (AR), and estrogen receptors (ER) α and β in the mouse testis after 2 weeks of the lipectomy. The lipectomy of epididymal fat at 2 months of postnatal age resulted in significant increases of expression levels of cytochrome 5α-reductase I, cytochrome P450 aromatase, AR, and ER α and β.

Facial Skin Quality Improvement After Treatment With CPM-HA20G: Clinical Experience in Korea.

Background: Intradermal injection of CPM-HA20G, a low-viscoelasticity hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal filler with glycerol, has been shown to be effective for facial rejuvenation in Caucasians, but research in Asians is limited.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of CPM-HA20G in enhancing facial skin quality in Korean women using a protocol developed by local aesthetic experts.

Patients/methods: In this 24-week prospective, single-arm, open-label study, 20 women received CPM-HA20G injections in the immediate subdermal layer on the anterior cheek (1 mL per side; total 2 mL) in three sessions every 4 weeks.

Tousled-like kinase loss confers PARP inhibitor resistance in BRCA1-mutated cancers by impeding non-homologous end joining repair.

Background: Double-strand breaks (DSBs) are primarily repaired through non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). Given that DSBs are highly cytotoxic, PARP inhibitors (PARPi), a prominent class of anticancer drugs, are designed to target tumors with HR deficiency (HRD), such as those harboring BRCA mutations. However, many tumor cells acquire resistance to PARPi, often by restoring HR in HRD cells through the inactivation of NHEJ.

Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Between Two Types of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors in Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus in Kidney Transplantation Recipients: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Korea.

Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) are antidiabetic drugs known for their minimal side effects and limited drug interaction witih immunosuppressants, making them suitable for patients with diabetes and kidney transplant recipients. However, there is limited real-world information regarding the use of DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with post transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM).

Method: We performed a retrospective observational cohort study of 13,828 kidney transplant recipients form Janary 1, 2002, through December 21, 2018, using the Korean National Health Information Database.