Can behaviour and physiology mitigate effects of warming on ectotherms? A test in urban ants.

Global climate change is expected to have pervasive effects on the diversity and distribution of species, particularly ectotherms whose body temperatures depend on environmental temperatures. However, these impacts remain difficult to predict, in part because ectotherms may adapt or acclimate to novel conditions or may use behavioural thermoregulation to reduce their exposure to stressful microclimates. Here we examine the potential for physiological and behavioural changes to mitigate effects of environmental warming on five species of ants in a temperate forest habitat subject to urban warming.

A high-throughput multispectral imaging system for museum specimens.

We present an economical imaging system with integrated hardware and software to capture multispectral images of Lepidoptera with high efficiency. This method facilitates the comparison of colors and shapes among species at fine and broad taxonomic scales and may be adapted for other insect orders with greater three-dimensionality. Our system can image both the dorsal and ventral sides of pinned specimens.

Collaborative practice. Characteristics, barriers, benefits, and implications for midwifery.

Most professional organizations agree that the collaborative model of care improves health care outcomes, is cost-effective, and increases patient satisfaction. This article discusses how collaboration is defined by various organizations and how midwifery has set its standard for collaborative practice.

The JCAHO medical staff standards. Impact on clinical privileges for nurse-midwives.

This article reviews the history and structure of the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO). With particular focus on the Licensed Independent Practitioner, it reviews the significant content of the 1996 JCAHO Medical Staff Standards. A plan of action is proposed that supports the development of professional staff bylaws that accurately reflect CNM education and licensure and that provide access to the same system of due process available to physicians and dentists.

Primary care for women. Environmental assessment of the home, community, and workplace.

This article presents the primary health care provider with an overview of basic environmental health issues, discusses symptoms related to environmental exposures, and provides a review of the steps involved in comprehensive environmental assessment. Guidelines for assessing women within the context of the home, community, and workplace are provided.