Monocytes and interstitial macrophages contribute to hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.

Hypoxia is a major cause of pulmonary hypertension (PH) worldwide, and it is likely that interstitial pulmonary macrophages contribute to this vascular pathology. We observed in hypoxia-exposed mice an increase in resident interstitial macrophages, which expanded through proliferation and expressed the monocyte recruitment ligand CCL2. We also observed an increase in CCR2+ macrophages through recruitment, which express the protein thrombospondin-1 that functionally activates TGF-beta to cause vascular disease.

Signal theory based encryption of faster-than-Nyquist signals for fiber and wireless transmission.

New applications such as the Internet of Things, autonomous driving, Industry X.0 and many more will transmit sensitive information via fibers and over the air with envisioned data rates beyond terabits per second. Therefore, the encryption has to be simple, fast and spectrally efficient, so that the power consumption and latency are low and the scarce bandwidth is not wasted.

Recent progress on nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors for glucose detection in human body fluids.

In the modern age, half of the population is facing various chronic illnesses due to glucose maintenance in the body, major causes of fatality and inefficiency. The early identification of glucose plays a crucial role in medical treatment and the food industry, particularly in diabetes diagnosis. In the past few years, non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensors have received a lot of interest for their ability to identify glucose levels accurately.

Emergence of Fluorescent Glycodots for Biomedical Applications.

Carbohydrate-functionalized quantum dots exhibit excellent physical characteristics and enhance the steric interaction with biological cells and tissues. Glycoconjugation of quantum dots promotes aqueous solubility, stability, and reduced immunogenicity. Carbohydrate-protein interactions are involved in various vital processes and provide insight into cellular recognition, cell-to-cell communication, pathogenicity, antigen-antibody recognition, and enzymatic action.

Identity as a resource or a demand.

Individuals embody various social identities that can impact how they interface with the social environment. Stigma theories suggest that members of low-status or marginalized groups possess devalued social identities, and therefore, experience more stress. While social identities can lead to increased stress, individuals' appraisals of their identities are not necessarily perceived as harmful/demanding.