Impact of Frailty on Antihypertensive Treatment in Older Adults.

Background: The association between systolic blood pressure and all-cause mortality differs between frail and nonfrail individuals, highlighting uncertainties about the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatments in frail populations.

Methods: Using data from the SHEP trial (Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program), a baseline frailty index (FI), including 55 variables, was constructed. Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to explore the association between baseline FI and the risks of stroke, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause death, as well as to examine whether the impact of antihypertensive treatment on these outcomes was modified by baseline FI.

Is low-value care for persistent musculoskeletal pain more common in rural than urban areas? A scoping review.

Background: Low-value care refers to the provision of health services that confer little or no benefit to patients, or have the potential to incur unwarranted harms. A breadth of literature exists investigating geographical variations in rates of potential low-value interventions for musculoskeletal pain. This scoping review aimed to examine the provision of low-value care for osteoarthritis and lower back pain by degree of rurality (e.

Lower limb strength differentiates between fallers and non-fallers with multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To determine whether hip flexion (HF), extension (HE), abduction (HA), knee flexion (KF) and extension (KE), and ankle plantarflexion (APF) and dorsiflexion (ADF) Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) differentiates between non-fall and fall history in persons with MS (PwMS) after accounting for age, gender, fatigue, disability, and disease duration.

Design: Secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study.

Setting: Community-based comprehensive MS Center PARTICIPANTS: 172 persons with MS who completed a one-time visit INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Lower limb (LL) MVC was measured for each muscle group as isometric peak torque (Newton-meter: Nm) of both limbs (Strongest: S; Weakest: W) using a Biodex Dynamometer and normalized by body weight (Nm/kg).

Direct Measurement of the Mutation Rate and Its Evolutionary Consequences in a Critically Endangered Mollusk.

The rate at which mutations arise is a fundamental parameter of biology. Despite progress in measuring germline mutation rates across diverse taxa, such estimates are missing for much of Earth's biodiversity. Here, we present the first estimate of a germline mutation rate from the phylum Mollusca.

Education strategies are the most commonly used in pediatric rehabilitation implementation research: a scoping review.

Background: Approximately one in six children has a disability, and effective, evidence-based rehabilitation can ameliorate the impact of these conditions over the lifespan. However, implementing interventions in real-world settings remains a challenge. This scoping review aimed to summarize the characteristics, implementation strategies, and outcomes of implementation studies in pediatric rehabilitation.