An uncrossed tectopontine pathway mediates ipsiversive circling.

Stimulation of the superior colliculus (SC) of rodents, following knife cuts to the predorsal bundle decussation, evokes ipsiversive circling along with "cringing" or avoidance responses. A major uncut SC output is the uncrossed tectopontine pathway that projects heavily to the ventrolateral pons (VLP). Stimulation of this pathway in the VLP also evokes ipsiversive circling, but the circling is smoother, lacks the avoidance components, and begins with a shorter latency than SC circling.

Electrically evoked turning: asymmetric and symmetric collision between anteromedial cortex and striatum.

Electrical stimulation of the anteromedial cortex (AMC) or striatum of rats evoked contraversive eye, head and body movements. In these experiments we test which neurons and which pathways are responsible for the turning by delivering conditioning (C) pulses to one site and test (T) pulses to the second site, and measuring the frequency of pulse pairs required to evoke a full turn in 10 s. Decreases in the required frequency were usually found at C-T intervals from 0.

The hippocampal complex of food-storing birds.

Three families of North American passerines--chickadees, nuthatches and jays--store food. Previous research has shown that memory for the spatial locations of caches is the principal mechanism of cache recovery. It has also been previously shown that the hippocampal complex (hippocampus and area parahippocampalis) plays an important role in memory for cache sites.

Naloxone blockade of growth hormone-releasing factor-induced feeding.

The opiate antagonist naloxone was used to examine the possibility that endogenous opioid function is involved in the expression of the increased feeding observed following intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.