Allergic Reactivity and Memory Occur Independently of Sequential Switching Through IgG1.

Allergic reactions to foods are primarily driven by allergen-binding immunoglobulin (Ig)E antibodies. IgE-expressing cells can be generated through direct switching from IgM to IgE or a sequential class switching pathway where activated B cells first switch to an intermediary isotype, most frequently IgG1, and then to IgE. It has been proposed that sequential class switch recombination is involved in augmenting the severity of allergic reactions, generating high affinity IgE, differentiation of IgE plasma cells, and in holding the memory of IgE responses.

Type 2-polarized memory B cells hold allergen-specific IgE memory.

Allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies mediate pathology in diseases such as allergic rhinitis and food allergy. Memory B cells (MBCs) contribute to circulating IgE by regenerating IgE-producing plasma cells upon allergen encounter. Here, we report a population of type 2-polarized MBCs defined as CD23, IL-4Rα, and CD32 at both the transcriptional and surface protein levels.

Learnings From a National Cyberattack Digital Disaster During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in a Pediatric Emergency Medicine Department.

Objective: The primary objective was to analyze the impact of the national cyberattack in May 2021 on patient flow and data quality in the Paediatric Emergency Department (ED), amid the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: A single site retrospective time series analysis was conducted of three 6-week periods: before, during, and after the cyberattack outage. Initial emergent workflows are described.

Energy efficient ventilation and indoor air quality in the context of COVID-19 - A systematic review.

New COVID-19 ventilation guidelines have resulted in higher energy consumption to maintain indoor air quality (IAQ), and energy efficiency has become a secondary concern. Despite the significance of the studies conducted on COVID-19 ventilation requirements, a comprehensive investigation of the associated energy challenges has not been discussed. This study aims to present a critical systematic review of the Coronavirus viral spreading risk mitigation through ventilation systems (VS) and its relation to energy use.

A dataset for fault detection and diagnosis of an air handling unit from a real industrial facility.

This dataset was collected for the purpose of applying fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) techniques to real data from an industrial facility. The data for an air handling unit (AHU) is extracted from a building management system (BMS) and aligned with the Project Haystack naming convention. This dataset differs from other publicly available datasets in three main ways.