Postbariatric hypoglycemia, abdominal pain and gastrointestinal symptoms after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass explored by continuous glucose monitoring.

Background: Abdominal pain and postbariatric hypoglycemia (PBH) are common after bariatric surgery.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the potential relationship between abdominal pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, and PBH more than a decade after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and whether continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with dietary intervention has an educational role in reducing symptoms.

Subjects: At two public hospitals in Norway (one University Hospital) 22 of 46 invited patients who reported abdominal pain more than weekly took part.

Genetic and environmental manipulation of hybridization barriers uncovers antagonistic functions in endosperm cellularization.

Speciation involves reproductive isolation, which can occur by hybridization barriers acting in the endosperm of the developing seed. The nuclear endosperm is a nutrient sink, accumulating sugars from surrounding tissues, and undergoes coordinated cellularization, switching to serve as a nutrient source for the developing embryo. Tight regulation of cellularization is therefore vital for seed and embryonic development.

Structural evidence for MADS-box type I family expansion seen in new assemblies of Arabidopsis arenosa and A. lyrata.

Arabidopsis thaliana diverged from A. arenosa and A. lyrata at least 6 million years ago.

Spatial and temporal regulation of parent-of-origin allelic expression in the endosperm.

Genomic imprinting promotes differential expression of parental alleles in the endosperm of flowering plants and is regulated by epigenetic modification such as DNA methylation and histone tail modifications in chromatin. After fertilization, the endosperm develops through a syncytial stage before it cellularizes and becomes a nutrient source for the growing embryo. Regional compartmentalization has been shown both in early and late endosperm development, and different transcriptional domains suggest divergent spatial and temporal regional functions.